Vol 7, No 1 (2019): Maret

Dental and oral health issues are an important concern in health development, one of which is caused by vulnerable groups of school-aged children from dental health disorders. School age is age important in growth and physical development of the child. This period is also known as a critical period because at this time the children start developing habits that usually tend to settle into adulthood. One of them is the habit of maintaining oral hygiene. This research aims to find out the level of knowledge on oral health and the level of oral hygiene elementary school children. This research use analytic observational approach cross sectional (cut the latitude) is a design by doing observations at the same time. This research was carried out in primary schools of the country Tuguran sub-district of Sleman Regency Limestone Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Total sample of 60 children of class III, IV, and V were taken with purposive sampling method. Data collection using the questionnaire and examination of oral hygiene. Data analysis techniques using correlation analysis Pearson Product Moment test. The number of class III, IV, and V SD Negeri Tuguran have the level of knowledge on oral health good categories as many as 51.7% and level of oral hygiene medium category as much as 55%. The results of the calculation of statistical analysis with Pearson Product Moment test by using a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05) obtained results of ρ-value = 0.000, because ρ-value < α then the Ho rejected and accepted Ha. There was a relationship of the level of knowledge on oral health with the level of oral hygiene in elementary school children.

Dental and oral health education provided through counseling, you should use one of the various types of counseling methods available to facilitate the acceptance of information. The media presenters of counseling materials in learning dental and oral health are needed. One of the learning media in dental and oral health education is counseling using crossword media as an alternative that can be used as an extension media. Media crossword puzzle is a game media that can be used as an extension media in dental and oral health education and can attract the interest of counseling participants. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of counseling between lecture methods by filling in crossword puzzles on the knowledge and level of dental and oral hygiene in Class VIII and VII students of Mempawah District Arraudhatul Islamiyah MTs in 2018. The population in the study was 74 people. The research sample was taken purposively with certain criteria. Group I numbered 30 people and research subjects II amounted to 30 people. The research used was quasi-experimental research with Pre-Post observation research design, Wilcoxon Signed Rannks Test statistical test to measure knowledge before and after treatment and paired t-test, to measure the level of dental and oral hygiene before and after treatment, Effectiveness Test with percent to measure the effectiveness of counseling and filling in crossword puzzles. With a measuring instrument questionnaire to measure knowledge and PHP index checks to measure the level of dental and oral hygiene. The results of the study that knowledge and level of dental and oral hygiene were both counseling with refinement and filling in crossword puzzles between before and after there were significant differences p <0.05. Counseling by filling in crosswords is more effective in increasing knowledge with an average difference of 22.0% while lecture counseling is 20.1%. The improvement of dental and oral hygiene of the crossword group was 68.2% while the lecture was 54.4%.

The anxiety in children when visiting a dentist results in children not wanting to check the condition of their oral cavity to the dentist, therefore it causes many problems with their oral and dental health. Children who visit a dentist experience an anxiety level of 5% to 52%. The behavioral problem in the children with excessive anxiety tends to have multifactorial, one of which is the parenting. This research to investigate the correlation between parenting and the anxiety levels of children aged 6-12 years in the tooth extraction. This research was analytical survey research using a cross sectional design. The subjects of this research were children patients and their parents, who visit Private Dental Clinics for tooth extraction, as many as 47 respondents. Sampling used the accidental sampling technique. The research instrument used questionnaires to see their parenting, and also used the Facial Image Scale to see the level of anxiety. The parenting method showed the democratic parenting as much as 40.4%. The children’s anxiety level showed the anxiety level of anxious as much as 55.3%. The analysis results of the Lambda test analysis showed the democratic parenting with the level of child anxiety was 0.07, permissive parenting with the level of child anxiety was 0.008 and authoritarian  parenting with the level of child anxiety was 0.007. Parents with democratic parenting is not related to children's anxiety level, authoritarian and permissive parenting are related to children's anxiety level.

The incidence of dental caries in children is very vulnerable because children have not been able to maintain dental and oral hygiene, one effort that can be done is to provide education in the form of how to brush teeth properly and correctly. The next step is to help the teeth to be more resistant to acid due to the acidogenic metabolism of plaque and food scraps, one of which can be done is smearing the teeth with a fluoride solution. This fluorine solution works or binds the arrangement of interpreting to become denser so that the acid from the results of metabolism by germs so that there is no demineralization of tooth enamel. This study aims to describe the effect of the application of SnF or NaF fluorine to Saliva pH of 9-14-year-old elementary school children in Pontianak City in 2018. The research method uses Explanatory Research, surveys with direct examination to apply SnF or NaF fluorine and salivary pH measurements with a paper indicator to see the pH of saliva. The type of research used is descriptive analytics, to see the average Saliva pH after fluorine application, see the effect of fluorine application, see the magnitude of the influence of R2 and see the level of verification. The test used in Regression. The results of the research conducted on 186 samples obtained the average data, namely female respondents as much as 52.2%, age of 11 years old elementary school children as much as 33.3%, Saliva 7 pH as much as 58.6%, fluorine application (R) effect amounted to .45, the amount of influence (R2) of fluorine application is 45% and Siq value. 0,000 <0,005. The conclusion is that the effect of the application of SnF or NaF fluorine to Saliva pH in elementary school age children aged 9-14 years with an average pH 7 (58.6%) with a magnitude of fluorine influence of 45%, the level of qualification is very strong because of the value siq. 0,000 <0,005.

Preschool children are a period of growth for children. Dental caries is often observed among preschool children. The Basic Health Research reports that the prevalence rate of caries in Indonesia reaches 25.9%. This condition is very saddening because preschool-children need their parents to take care of their health, particularly dental health. In this case, parents’ knowledge is very much needed in providing more guidance and care in order that the children do not have dental caries. To was aimed at identifying the correlation between parents’ knowledge of dental health with the prevalence of dental caries among preschool children at Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Nursery School, Wedomartani, Ngemplak, Sleman, Yogyakarta. This research was a correlation analysis with a cross-sectional design. The subjects were parents, particularly mothers, whose children studied at Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Nursery School. It was a simple random sampling technique with 64 respondents. The data collection instrument consisted of a questionnaire and an observation sheet. The data were analyzed with the Spearman Rank statistics. This research found that the knowledge of dental health of 50.0% of the parents was categorized as good, the dental caries prevalence of the children were 71,9%. The research hypothesis was accepted with a p-value of 0.023 and the correlation coefficient was 0.285. There was a significant correlation between the parents’ knowledge of dental health with the prevalence of dental caries among preschool children at Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Nursery School, Wedomartani, Ngemplak, Sleman, Yogyakarta.

Ages 5 to 12 years are the age group that is susceptible to caries. The high caries prevalence rate of 42.6% reflects the low level of knowledge about dental health. The knowledge about dental and oral health will indirectly influence the health of the teeth and mouth so that it can prevent dental caries. The knowledge is used as a self-education to achieve the optimal dental and oral health. To find out the relationship between the dental caries knowledge level with the DMF-T Index. This research used the analytic survey with the cross-sectional data collection. This research was conducted in December 2018 to January 2019. The population in this research was the 5^th grade students of the North Walitelon State Elementary School. The samples of this research were the 39 5^th-grade students with the total sampling. The research instruments were questionnaire and the DMF-T Index examination format. The data were analyzed using the Kendall’s tau-b correlation test. The level of knowledge with the good criteria had a low DMF-T Index of 92.3%, the moderate was as much as 2.6%, and the fair knowledge level had a low DMF-T Index of 5.1%. The Kendall’s tau-b test results showed a relationship between the dental caries knowledge level and the DMF-T Index, and the obtained p value = 0,000 (p < 0.05). The high knowledge level of dental caries affected the results of the DMF-T index.