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Sensitivitas Spesifisitas Apfel dan Sinclair Terhadap Kejadian Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting pada Anestesi Umum di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping

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Abstract

Background: PONV is one of complications that happen after general anesthesia, occurs in the first 24 hours post operation. PONV can spin out the patient’s recovery period, hamper the activity of the patient, and impact on the cost increase that must be spent by the patient. In identifying high-risk patients who will get benefit from antiemetic treatment that is in line with predictions of risk factors and provides prophylaxis based on the classification. Apfel and Sinclair score can be for daily application. Objective: In order to know the difference of sensitivity specificity Apfel and Sinclair of PONV in general anesthesia.Method: This research is a cross sectional design with kuota sampling technique. This research was conducted in 03 February - 13 March 2020. The population in this research was all adult patients with elective surgery under general anesthesia with physical status ASA I and II at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital. The sample are 46 respondents. Diagnostic test and ROC curves are used to analyze.Study Result: The results of the Apfel score had a sensitivity 0f 87,5% and a specificity of 50,0%, while the Sinclair score had a sensitivity of 70,8% and a specificity of 22,7%. The Chi-Square test results P value <0.05 which is the P value of 0,034. Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the sensitivity of the specificity of Apfel and Sinclair scores of PONV in general anesthesia.


Latar Belakang: PONV adalah salah satu komplikasi yang terjadi setelah tindakan anestesi umum, terjadi pada 24 jam pertama pasca operasi. PONV dapat memperlama masa pemulihan pasien, menghambat aktivitas pasien, dan berdampak pada membesarnya biaya perawatan yang harus dikeluarkan pasien. Dalam mengidentifikasi pasien berisiko tinggi yang akan mendapat manfaat dari pengobatan antiemetik yang sesuai dengan prediksi dari faktor risiko dan memberikan profilaksis sesuai dengan klasifikasi. Skor Apfel dan Sinclair bisa digunakan untuk aplikasi sehari–hari.Tujuan: Diketahuinya perbedaan sensitivitas spesifisitas Apfel dan Sinclair terhadap kejadian Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting pada anestesi umum.Metode: Penelitian ini dengan desain cross sectional dengan teknik kuota sampling. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada 03 Februari – 13 Maret 2020. Populasi penelitian ini adalah pasien dewasa dengan pembedahan elektif pada anestesi umum dengan status fisik ASA I dan II di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping. Sampel dengan jumlah 46 responden. Analisis yang digunakan uji diagnostik dan kurva ROC. Hasil: Hasil skor Apfel mempunyai sensitivitas 87,5% dan spesifisitas 50,0%, sedangkan skor Sinclair mempunyai sensitivitas 70,8% dan spesifisitas 22,7%. Hasil uji ­Chi-Square nilai P <0,05 yaitu nilai P 0,034. Kesimpulan: Ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara sensitivitas spesifisitas skor Apfel dan Sinclair terhadap kejadian Post Operative Nausea and Vomiting pada anestesi umum.

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