12
Abstract Views
17
PDF Download
Research Articles

Exploring maternal parenting practices and their role in toddler stunting: a case study in North Jakarta

Zahra Nabila Akmal UHAMKA, Indonesia Correspondence zahranabilakmal45@gmail.com
,
Suci Anggraini Sekolah Pascasarjana Prodi Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka, Indonesia Correspondence anggrainisuci2302@gmail.com
,
Wida Feriningsih Sekolah Pascasarjana Prodi Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka, Indonesia Correspondence wida.feriningsih807@gmail.com
,
Sri Rahayu Sekolah Pascasarjana Prodi Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka, Indonesia Correspondence sri_rahayu@uhamka.ac.id
Pages 126-145
Browse this journal

Abstract

Stunting remains a significant public health issue in Indonesia, particularly in urban areas such as North Jakarta. Maternal parenting practices encompassing feeding, hygiene, and healthcare behaviors are recognized as key contributors to child nutritional outcomes. However, in specific communities like Posyandu RW 010, where five stunted toddlers have been identified, the underlying parenting dynamics remain poorly understood.  This study aims to explore maternal parenting practices including feeding, hygiene, and healthcare utilization among mothers of stunted toddlers in RW 010 Posyandu, North Jakarta, to identify underlying contributing factors to persistent stunting cases. This qualitative study employed a case study approach to explore maternal parenting practices among mothers of stunted toddlers in RW 010, Tugu Utara Village, North Jakarta, Indonesia. Data were collected in December 2024 through in-depth interviews, non-participant observations, and document reviews. Participants included three mothers of stunted children, one Posyandu cadre, and one local community leader, selected through purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria such as low education level, stunted child status, and willingness to participate. Data were analyzed thematically using data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. Triangulation was applied across data sources, collection techniques, and informants to enhance credibility. The findings revealed suboptimal parenting practices, including incomplete exclusive breastfeeding, unbalanced and monotonous complementary feeding, poor hygiene behaviors (e.g., handwashing without soap), and inconsistent utilization of health services, with some children missing immunizations. Despite the involvement of health services and the support of husbands, limited assistance from extended family and gaps in maternal knowledge were noted. Socioeconomic constraints and cultural beliefs also influenced caregiving practices. This study underscores the complex interplay of maternal behavior, household environment, and social support in the persistence of stunting. The qualitative approach enabled an in-depth understanding of local parenting dynamics that may not be captured through quantitative surveys. Strengthening health education, particularly tailored to local contexts, and expanding family and community engagement are critical to improving stunting prevention efforts.

There is no Figure or data content available for this article

References

  • United Nations Children’s Fund. Situasi Anak di Indonesia –Tren, Peluang, danTantangan Dalam Memenuhi Hak-Hak Anak. Jakarta: UNICEF Indonesia; 2020.
  • United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), World Health Organization (WHO), International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank. Levels and trends in child malnutrition: UNICEF / WHO / World Bank Group Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates: Key findings of the 2023 edition. New York, NY, USA: UNICEF and WHO; 2023.
  • Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia. Profil Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak 2024 [Internet]. [cited 2025 Apr 29]. Available from: https://www.bps.go.id/id/publication/2024/12/31/a919c55a72b74e33d011b0dc/profil-kesehatan-ibu-dan-anak-2024.html
  • Tobing ML, Pane M, Harianja E. Pola Asuh Ibu Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Usia 24-59 Bulan Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kelurahan Sekupang Kota Batam. PREPOTIF J Kesehat Masy. 2021 Apr 20;5(1):448–65.
  • Najamuddin N, Rahmadani R, Suriany. Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Usia 12-59 Bulan Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Campalagian. Bina Gener J Kesehat. 2020 Mar 17;11(2):78–86.
  • Yulika M, Syah NA, Yusrawati Y. Maternal determinants of stunting: findings from a cross-sectional study in Padang, Indonesia. BKM Public Health Community Med. 2025 Mar 25;e11556–e11556.
  • Sari IP, Ardillah Y, Yuliarti Y. Parenting Patterns and Family Characteristics among Stunted Toddlers in Palembang. Media Gizi Indones. 2022 May 30;17(2):136–43.
  • Mauludyani AVR, Khomsan A. Maternal Nutritional Knowledge as a Determinant of Stunting in West Java: Rural-Urban Disparities: Pengetahuan Gizi Ibu Sebagai Determinan Stunting di Jawa Barat: Disparitas Perdesaan-Perkotaan. Amerta Nutr. 2022 Dec 23;6(1SP):8–12.
  • Doyle FL, Morawska A, Higgins DJ, Havighurst SS, Mazzucchelli TG, Toumbourou JW, et al. Policies are Needed to Increase the Reach and Impact of Evidence-Based Parenting Supports: A Call for a Population-Based Approach to Supporting Parents, Children, and Families. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2023;54(3):891–904.
  • Rahmayana IAI, Damayanti DS, Subandi S. Hubungan pola asuh ibu dengan kejadian stunting anak usia 24-59 bulan di Posyandu Asoka II Wilayah Pesisir Kelurahan Barombong Kecamatan Tamalate Kota Makassar Tahun 2014. Al-Sihah Public Health Sci J. 6(2):424–36.
  • Bella FD, Fajar NA, Misnaniarti M. Hubungan antara Pola Asuh Keluarga dengan Kejadian Balita Stunting pada Keluarga Miskin di Palembang. J Epidemiol Kesehat Komunitas. 2020 Feb 27;5(1):15–22.
  • Alfarisi R, Nurmalasari Y, Nabilla S. Status gizi ibu hamil dapat menyebabkan kejadian stunting pada balita. J Kebidanan Malahayati. 2019 Sept 12;5(3):271–8.
  • Azriani D, Masita, Qinthara NS, Yulita IN, Agustian D, Zuhairini Y, et al. Risk factors associated with stunting incidence in under five children in Southeast Asia: a scoping review. J Health Popul Nutr. 2024 Oct 28;43:174.
  • Widyaningsih NN, Kusnandar K, Anantanyu S. Keragaman pangan, pola asuh makan dan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 24-59 bulan. J Gizi Indones Indones J Nutr. 2018 Dec 30;7(1):22–9.
  • Mudiyanselage SB, Wanni Arachchige Dona S, Angeles MR, Majmudar I, Marembo M, Tan EJ, et al. The impact of maternal health on child’s health outcomes during the first five years of child’s life in countries with health systems similar to Australia: A systematic review. PLOS ONE. 2024 Mar 8;19(3):e0295295.
  • Saleh A, Syahrul S, Hadju V, Andriani I, Restika I. Role of Maternal in Preventing Stunting: a Systematic Review. Gac Sanit. 2021 Jan 1;35:S576–82.
  • Milah AS, Zaqiah A. Penanggulangan Stunting Dan Pemberian Asupan Nutrisi Dengan Kejadian Status Gizi Pada Anak Usia 0-5 Tahun Di Desa Pawindan Kabupaten Ciamis Tahun 2019. J Midwifery Public Health. 2020 May 30;2(1):23–30.
  • Rahmawati ND, Dewi Sartika RA, Department of Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia. Cadres’ role in Posyandu revitalization as stunting early detection in Babakan Madang Sub-District, Bogor District. ASEAN J Community Engagem [Internet]. 2020 Dec 31 [cited 2025 Oct 12];4(2). Available from: https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/ajce/vol4/iss2/11/
  • White F. Primary health care and public health: foundations of universal health systems. Med Princ Pract Int J Kuwait Univ Health Sci Cent. 2015;24(2):103–16.
  • Purwanti ED, Masitoh S, Ronoatmodjo S. Association Between Basic Immunization Status and Stunting in Toddlers Aged 12-59 Months in Indonesia. J Prev Med Pub Health. 2025 May;58(3):298–306.
  • Theresia GN, Sudarma V. Immunization status lowers the incidence of stunting in children 1-5 years. World Nutr J. 2022 Aug 26;6(1):9–15.
  • Muzayyaroh M. Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Balita Tentang Stunting. Oksitosin J Ilm Kebidanan. 2021 Aug 1;8(2):81–92.
  • Juliandika R, Nababan D, Tarigan FL. Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Stunting di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lueng Keubeu Jagat Kabupaten Nagan Raya Tahun 2021. J Heal Technol Med. 2022;8(2):811–27.
  • Rahayu S, Rindu R, Jayatmi I. Hubungan Pengetahuan, Dukungan Suami Dan Pola Asuh Balita Terhadap Kejadian Balita Stunting Pada Ibu Pekerja Pabrik N Di Desa Sukamaju Kabupaten Sukabumi Tahun 2022. SENTRI J Ris Ilm. 2023 June 9;2(6):2172–83.
There is no Supplemental content for this article.

How to Cite This

Nabila Akmal, Z., Anggraini, S., Feriningsih, W., & Rahayu, S. (2025). Exploring maternal parenting practices and their role in toddler stunting: a case study in North Jakarta. Jurnal Kesehatan Ibu Dan Anak, 18(2), 126–145. https://doi.org/10.29238/kia.v18i2.2741

Article Metrics

Download Statistics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Other Statistics

Verify authenticity via CrossMark

Copyright and Permissions

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Publishing your paper with Jurnal Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak means that the author or authors retain the copyright in the paper. Jurnal Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak granted an exclusive reuse license by the author(s), but the author(s) are able to put the paper onto a website, distribute it to colleagues, give it to students, use it in your thesis etc, even commercially. The author(s) can reuse the figures and tables and other information contained in their paper published by Jurnal Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak in future papers or work without having to ask anyone for permission, provided that the figures, tables or other information that is included in the new paper or work properly references the published paper as the source of the figures, tables or other information, and the new paper or work is not direct at the private monetary gain or commercial advantage.

Jurnal Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. This license lets others remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.

Jurnal Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak Open Access articles are distributed under this Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA). Articles can be read and shared for All purposes under the following conditions:

  • BY: You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
  • SA:  If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.

Data Availability

All data generated during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].