HUBUNGAN ASUPAN MAGNESIUM, SENG, DAN MANGAN DENGAN DIABETES MELITUS GESTASIONAL PADA IBU HAMIL DI WILAYAH KABUPATEN BANTUL

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus or diabetes experienced during pregnancy occurs
due to a metabolic disorder of blood glucose during pregnancy. The prevalence of gestational
diabetes mellitus in Indonesia is 1.9% - 3.6%. Intake of mineral nutrients seen from its most
important function is to metabolize carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into energy such as
magnesium, zinc, and manganese minerals so there is a special attention between macro and
micro mineral intake with the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus. Objective: To examine
the correlation between the intake of magnesium, zinc, and manganese of gestational diabetes
mellitus in pregnant women in the Public Health Area of Sewon, Banguntapan, and Jetis Bantul
District Yogyakarta Special Region. Methods: This research was an observational analytic
research with a cross-sectional research design. The sampling technique used purposive
sampling method, research subjects are pregnant women who have been done checking urine
reduction in trimester I in Bantul Regency working area as many as 136 pregnant women. The
data collected include respondent characteristics, fasting blood glucose measurement, and SQ
FFQ form. The data will be analyzed using Fisher exact with significance level ? <0.05 and
mean different test (T-test). Results: Of the 136 respondents, 3 of them (2.2%) included the
gestational diabetes mellitus group. Fisher exact test results showed the correlation of
magnesium intake with the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus had p-value = 0.097, the
correlation of zinc intake with the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus had p-value = 0.198
(OR=0,193, 95% CI;0,017-2,189), and the correlation of manganese intake with the incidence
of gestational diabetes mellitus has p-value = 0.207 (OR=0,200, 95% CI;0,018-2,271).
Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between the intake of magnesium, zinc, and
manganese and gestational diabetes mellitus in Bantul District Yogyakarta Special Region
(DIY).

ABSTRAK
Diabetes melitus gestasional atau diabetes yang dialami saat masa kehamilan terjadi akibat
adanya gangguan metabolik glukosa darah saat masa kehamilan. Prevalensi diabetes melitus
gestasional di Indonesia sebesar 1.9% - 3.6%. Asupan zat gizi mineral dilihat dari fungsinya
yang paling penting ialah memetabolisme karbohirdrat, protein, maupun lemak menjadi energi
seperti mineral magnesium, seng, dan mangan sehingga perlu adanya perhatian khusus antara
asupan makro dan mikro mineral dengan kejadian diabetes melitus gestasional. Penelitian ini
bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan asupan magnesium, seng, dan mangan dengan diabetes melitus gestasional pada ibu hamil di wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Sewon,
Banguntapan, dan Jetis Kabupaten Bantul. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik
observasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel
menggunakan metode purposive sampling, subyek penelitian adalah ibu hamil yang sudah
dilakukan pengecekan reduksi urin di trimester I yang ada di wilayah kerja puskesmas
Kabupaten Bantul sebanyak 136 ibu hamil. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik
responden, hasil pengukuran kadar glukosa darah puasa, serta pengisian kuesioner SQ-FFQ.
Data akan dianalisis menggunakan uji fisher exact dengan tingkat kemaknaan ? < 0.05 dan uji
beda rata-rata (T-test). Dari 136 responden, 3 orang diantaranya (2,2%) termasuk kelompok
diabetes melitus gestasional. Hasil uji Fisher exact menunjukkan hubungan asupan
magnesium dengan kejadian diabetes melitus gestasional memiliki nilai p-value = 0,097,
hubungan asupan seng dengan kejadian diabetes melitus gestasional memiliki nilai p-value =
0,198 (OR=0,193, 95% CI;0,017-2,189), dan hubungan asupan mangan dengan kejadian
diabetes melitus gestasional memiliki nilai p-value = 0,207 (OR=0,200, 95% CI;0,018-2,271).