KURANG VITAMIN C DAN TINGGI STRESS BERKAITAN DENGAN KENAIKAN KADAR GULA DARAH PASIEN RAWAT JALAN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI PUSKESMAS BINONG

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Background. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) increase significantly (3.4% in 2018) if
compare to previous national survey (1.3% in 2010, 2.1% in 2013). More than half (51%)
outpatient in Puskesmas Binong suffered from Type 2 DM (T2DM). No studies had examine the
relationship between intake of vitamin C and chromium, dietary compliance, and stress levels in
T2DM patients who lived in rural areal. Objective. To examine the relationship between intake of
vitamin C and chromium, dietary compliance, and stress levels with blood sugar levels in
outpatients T2DM. Methods. This was a cross sectional study that involved 90 outpatient T2DM
aged 45-60 years old. Data on blood sugar levels were obtained from medical records, intake of
vitamin C and chromium assessed by semi quantitative food frequency (SQ-FFQ). Dietary
compliance (DM Dietary Compliance) and stress levels (DASS, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale)
are assessed by validated structured questionnaires. Pearson correlation test was performed to
answer research question. Results. Almost a third of respondents had controlled blood sugar
level. Majority patient complied with diet yet had inadequate chromium intake. All patients were
inadequate of vitamin C intakes. Habitual intake of vitamin C (p = 0.030, r = -0.22) and stress
level (p = 0.000, r = 0.31) significantly associated with blood sugar levels. There is no significant
correlation between intake of chromium (p = 0.209, r = 0.13) and dietary compliance (p = 0.29, r =
-0.11) on blood sugar levels. Conclusion. Vitamin C intake and stress levels may modify blood
sugar levels in T2DM patients. Adequate intake of vitamin C and good mental health should be
promoted among this patients.

ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang. Prevalensi diabetes mellitus (DM) meningkat signifikan (3,4% pada 2018) jika
dibandingkan dengan survei nasional sebelumnya (1,3% pada 2010, 2,1% pada 2013). Dari 1254
pasien rawat jalan di Puskesmas Binong, lebih dari separuhnya (51%) mengalami DM Tipe 2
(T2DM). Belum ada studi yang menilai kaitan asupan vitamin C, asupan kromium, kepatuhan
diet, dan tingkat stress pada pasien non-komplikasi di wilayah pedesaan. Tujuan. Menganalisis
hubungan antara asupan vitamin C dan kromium, kepatuhan diet, serta stress dengan kadar gula
darah pasien rawat jalan T2DM. Metode Penelitian. Penelitian potong lintang ini melibatkan 90
responden usia 45-60. Data kadar gula darah menggunakan pengecekan secara sewaktu
dengan metode perifer diperoleh dari hasil rekam medis. Asupan vitamin C dan kromium dinilai dengan kuesioner frekuensi makanan semi kuantitatif (SQFFQ). Kepatuhan diet dinilai dengan kuesioner kepatuhan diet DM sedangkan tingkat stress
dianalisis dengan kuesioner DASS (kuesioner depresi, kecemasan, stress). Analisis data
menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson. Hasil Penelitian. Hampir sepertiga (27.8%) responden
memiliki gula darah terkendali, sebagian besar patuh diet dan kurang kromium. Seluruh
responden kurang vitamin C. Asupan vitamin C (p = 0.030, r = -0.22) dan tingkat stress (p =
0.000, r = 0.31) berhubungan secara bermakna dengan kadar gula darah. Tidak ada
hubungan antara asupan kromium (p = 0.209, r = 0.13) dan kepatuhan diet (p = 0.29, r = -
0.11) terhadap kadar gula darah. Kesimpulan. Asupan vitamin C dan tingkat stress dapat
memodifikasi kadar gula darah pada pasien DM rawat jalan. Pasien sangat dianjurkan untuk
mencukupi asupan vitamin C harian dan menjaga kesehatan mental.